Hoʻohana paka ma waena o nā ʻōpio ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ua emi nui mai 1991 a 2021, e like me kahi noiʻi hou i alakaʻi ʻia e Florida Atlantic University's Schmidt College of Medicine a paʻi ʻia ma ka Ochsner Journal. Hōʻike nā ʻike o ka noiʻi i ka emi nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka ma nā ʻano like ʻole.
Ua ʻike ka haʻawina ua emi ka helu o nā ʻōpio i hoʻohana i ka paka mai ka 70.1 pakeneka i ka makahiki 1991 a i ka 17.8 pakeneka i ka makahiki 2021, ʻo ia ka mea e like me ka emi ʻana o ʻehā. Hoʻohui hou, ua emi ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka mai ka 27.5 pakeneka i ka makahiki 1991 a i ka 3.8 pakeneka i 2021, e hōʻike ana i ka emi ʻana ma mua o ʻehiku mau manawa.
Eia kekahi, ua emi ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka mai ka 12.7 pākēneka a i ka 0.7 pākēneka, he emi ʻana ma mua o ʻumikumamāwalu manawa. Ua ʻike pū ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka i kēlā me kēia lā i kahi emi nui mai 9.8 pākēneka i 1991 a i 0.6 pākēneka i 2021, e hōʻike ana i ka emi ʻana o nā manawa he ʻumikumamāono.
Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻike i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka i nā ʻōpio ʻelemakule
ʻOiai ua ʻike nā papa a pau i ka emi ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka, ua hōʻike mau nā papa 12 i ka pakeneka kiʻekiʻe o ka poʻe puhi puhi i kekahi manawa ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā māka kula ʻē aʻe i ka makahiki 2021. e uwahi ana ua emi iho ma waena o nā pūʻulu makahiki a pau, ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka poʻe ʻōpio i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paka ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ko lākou mau ʻōpio.
ʻO ka mea kākau kiʻekiʻe ʻo Panagiota “Yiota” Kitsantas, he polopeka a me ka noho no ke Keʻena ʻOihana Ola a me Social Medicine ma FAU's Schmidt College of Medicine, e hoʻokūpaʻa ana i ke ʻano o kēia emi ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka ma waena o nā ʻōpio US i nā makahiki he ʻekolu i hala. Hōʻike ʻo Kitsantas i ka pono o ka makaʻala mau, ka noiʻi ʻana, a me ka hana ʻana e hoʻemi hou i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka a me nā pōʻino pili.
ʻO ka like ʻole o ke kāne ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka ma waena o nā ʻōpio i nā makahiki he nui; akā naʻe, ma ka makahiki 2021, ua ʻike ka haʻawina i ka emi ʻana o nā ʻokoʻa o ka puhi paka ma waena o nā kāne. Ma ke ʻano o ka lāhui a me ka lāhui, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka emi ʻana o ka ʻai paka ma waena o nā ʻōpio ʻeleʻele a me ʻAsia. Ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai ma waena o nā ʻōpio keʻokeʻo a me Hispanic/Latino akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā kumukūʻai ma 1997.
ʻO Charles H. Hennekens, ka mea kākau kumu mua, ʻo Sir Richard Doll Professor of Medicine a me ke kākā'ōlelo hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe ma FAU's Schmidt College of Medicine, e ʻae i nā ʻano maikaʻi i hōʻike ʻia e ka noiʻi akā ua hoʻokūpaʻa pū i ka pono o nā hana i kuhikuhi ʻia e hoʻoponopono i ke koena o ke olakino a me ke olakino lehulehu. nā pilikia.
ʻO Maria Mejia, ka mea kākau mua a me ke kumu aʻoaʻo ma ke kula ʻo Baylor College of Medicine; ʻO Robert S. Levine, ke kaukaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻohana a me ke kaiāulu ma Baylor College of Medicine a me ke kumu pili i ka FAU's Schmidt College of Medicine; a ʻo Adedamola Adele, he kanaka puka ʻepekema biomedical hou mai FAU's Schmidt College of Medicine.
